Washing and cleansing compositions



Patented Oct. 25, 1938 UNITED STATES wasnmc arm cmansmc comosmons FritzSiefert, Mannheim, rlnany, assignmto Ge I. G. FarbenindustrleAktiengesellschait, Frank iort-on-the-Main, Germany No Drawing.Application August 15, 1983, Serial No. 685,189. In Germany September 8,1932 Claims.

The present invention relates to washing and cleansing compositions.

I have found that particularly emcient and valuable washing andcleansing compositions can be obtained by incorporating known washingagents of the class of sulphuric derivatives of aliphatic compoundscontaining at least 8 carbon atoms with water-soluble salts ofmeta-phosphoric acid.

The said sulphuric acid derivatives comprise true sulphonic acids" andacid sulphuric esters of said aliphatic compounds, as well aswatersoluble salts of said esters and acids. Consequently, whenever theterm sulphuric acid derivatives of aliphatic, compounds" is hereinafteremployed, it is intended to mean the free sulphonic acids and theacidsulphuric esters as well as the water-soluble salts thereof. The saidwater-soluble salts preferably are alkali salts, i. e. ammonium, alkalimetal (Na, K, Li) and the salts derived from aliphatic amines, such asthe alkylol amines, for example mono-, diand triethanol amines.

The water-soluble salts of metaphosphorlc acid comprise the same alkaliconstituents as the water-soluble salts of the aforesaid sulphonic acidsand sulphuric esters.

Examples of sulphuric acid derivatives suitable for the purpose of thepresent invention are the alkali salts of cetyl sulphonic acid,hydroxyoctodecane sulphonic acid, sulphonic acids of lauric, palmiticand margaric acid, sulphonic acids of fatty acid mixtures obtainable bysaponiiication of fatty oils and fats, such as coconut oil, palmkerneloil, soya bean oil or cotton seed oil, alkali salts of oleichydroxyethane sulphonic acid or N-oleic-N-methyl taurine and the like.The said sulphonic acids may be prepared, inter alia, according to theprocess described in the British 0 specifications Nos.343,899 and341,053. The said sulphonic acids also comprise those derived fromhalogenated, moreparticularly chlorinated, fatty acids of the kinddescribed. Suitable salts of sulphuric esters are more particularlythose of aliphatic alcohols contaning at least 10 carbon atoms, such asdecyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, octodecyl and oleyl alcohols, which alcoholsmay also contain one or more chlorine atoms in their molecule.Particularly valuable compositions are obtained by incorporating thesaid salts of metaphosphoric acid with the sulphonated mixtures ofalcohols obtainable by the liquid phase oxidation of par afiin waxaccording to Patent No. 1,908,376. The said sulphonic acids of aliphaticcompounds containing at least 8 carbon atoms may also be substituted bypolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon radicles, in which case the sulpuhonicacid groups may be fixed to the aromatic nucleus, such as is the casefor example with monoor polyoctylnaphthalene sulphonic acids. Veryvaluable compositions may also be prepared from esters, amides and esteramides, obtainable by condensing a hydroxyalkyl amine with a higheraliphatic acid containing sulphuric acid groups, for example accordingto the British Patent No. 306,116, and from the sulphonated condensationproducts of hydroxylalkyl ethers with fatty acids: containing at least 8carbon atoms, which may be prepared according to the British Patent No.364,104. The said sulphuric acid derivatives also comprisethesulphonated fatty acid compounds, containing chlorine, which may beobtained according to the British Patent No. 389,543, and the acidsulphuric esters of halogen derivatives of hydroxylated aliphatichydrocarbons obtainable according to the British Patent No. 394,043.

The quantity of alkali salts of metaphosphoric acid contained in thecompositions according to the present invention generally amounts tobetween about 10 and about 200 per cent of the weight of the aforesaidsulphuric acid derivatives, the preferred compositions containing aboutequal parts by weight of either components. The said components may bemixed with each other or added to the water in any sequence in suitableproportions, and in this manner washing preparations or washing liquorsof high waEhing power are obtained. When washing textiles,-especially inhard water, excellently washed goods are obtained which aredistinguished by a specially soft touch. The compositions according tothis invention are therefore especially suitable for the treatment offabrics from or containing cotton and artificial silk fabrics, but mayalso be employed with advantage for the treatment of other textilematerials. The said compositions may also be employed for washingarticles of all other kinds, as for example furniture, floor coverings,or windows, and for washing animal hair.

Other additional substances may be added to the said preparations ofwashing liquors, as for example Glaubers salt, water-glass, substanceshaving an oxidizing or reducing action, such as sodium perborate orsodium hydrosulphite, solvents, such as cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone,monoalkyl or monoaryl esters of glycols, such as cresyl or xylenylethers of ethylene glycol, or

chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethyleneand the like.

The following unexpectedly good results obtainable by washing with thesaid new compositions become evident by the following comparisons:Ladies dress-cloth impregnated with 5 per cent by weight of olive oil istreated for 5 minutes at between and C. with 10 times its weight of adegreasing bath. The first bath contains per litre of water 0.75 gram ofthe sodium salt of tetradecyl alcohol acid sulphuric ester, the secondbath contains the same quantity of a mixture of equal parts of tertiarysodium phosphate and the said sodium salt of the acid sulphuric ester oftetradecyl alcohol, and the third bath contains the same quantity of amixture of equal parts of sodium metaphosphate and the said sodium saltof the acid sulphuric ester of etradecyl alcohol. Whereas by the saidtreatment the first and second baths only remove 43.2 and 50.0 per cent,respectively, of the oil originalhr present on the cloth, the third bathremoves 71.0 per cent of the oil. It is quite obvious that such a largeincrease of the degreasing effect is something quite unusual in the art.

The following examples will further illustrate the nature of thisinvention but the invention is not restricted to these examples.

Example 1 White body linen or household linen is boiled for an hour in awashing liquor containing in each litre of water oi 15 hardness (Germanscale according to which 1 hardness means the equivalent of one part byweight of CaO in 100,000 parts of water) 1 gram of the sodium salt ofoleic-N-methyl taurlde' (British specification No. 341,053), 2 grams ofsodium carbonate and 2 grams of sodium metaphosphate. A pure whiteodourless linen is obtained.

Example 2 Artificial silk stockings from viscose, containing strains ofmineral oil from wearing are washed in a washing liquor containing ineach litre of water of 15 hardness (German scale according to which 1hardness means the equivalent of one part by weight of CaO in 100,000parts of water) 1 gram of the reaction product of. dichlor-stearic acidand mono-ethanol amine sulphuric acid sodium salt, 0.5 gram of sodiummeta-phosphate and'0.5 gram of sodium carbonate for half an hour at 60C. while keeping the stockings in vigorous movement. The washedstockings are entirely free from stains and can be dyed without anytrouble.

Example 3 Suint wool is washed at C. in a washing liquor containing ineach litre of water 1 gram of the sodium salt of the acid sulphuricester of octodecyl alcohol, 2 grams of sodium carbonate and 1 gram ofpotassium meta-phosphate. An open, pure wool practically free from fatis *ob- -tained which may be spun without appreciable waste.

Example 4 washed fabrics are quite free from impurities and retain theiroriginal lustre and softness without injury to the shade of colour.

Example 5 hardness of the washing water plays no part in the washingprocess.

Example 6 For the cleaning of metal and glass articles, floor-coveringsand lacquered articles, a mixture of the following composition issuitable:-

40 parts by weight of the mixture of sodium salts of the acid sulphuricesters of the alcohols corresponding to the fatty acids contained incoconut or palm kernel oils,

10 parts by weight of sodium meta-phosphate and 50 parts by weight ofGlaubers salt.

By dissolving this mixture in water, an excellent cleaning agent isobtained.

Ezample 7 Suint wool is washed at from 45 to 50 C. in 50 times itsweight of a liquor containing 2 grams of the sodium salt of octylnaphthalene sulphonic acid and 0.25 gram of sodium meta-phosphate perlitre of water. A pure wool free from fat is obtained.

What I claim is:-

l. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of a watersoluble sulphuric derivative of an aliphatic compound containing atleast 8 carbon atoms and having detergent and wetting properties and awater soluble salt of meta-phosphoric acid.

2. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of a watersoluble sulphuric derivative of an aliphatic compound containing atleast 8 carbon atoms and having detergent and wetting properties andbetween about 10 and about 200 per cent of said derivative, of a watersoluble salt of meta-phosphoric acid.

3. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of analkali metal salt of a water soluble sulphuric derivative of analiphatic compound containing at least 8 carbon atoms and havingdetergent and wetting properties and an alkali metal salt of metaphosphoric acid.

4. A washing and cleansing preparation essen tially consisting of analkali metal salt of a water soluble derivative of an aliphatic compoundcontaining at least 8 carbon atoms and having detergent and wettingproperties and between about 10 and about 200 per cent of said alkalimetal salt, of an alkali salt of meta-phosphoric acid.

5. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt of a water soluble sulphuric derivative of an aliphaticcompound containing at least 8 carbon atoms and having detergent andwetting properties and the sodium salt of meta-phosphoric acid.

6. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt of a water soludium salt, of the sodium salt ofmeta-phosphoric acid.

7. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt of an acid sulphuric ester of an aliphatic alcoholcontaining at least carbon atoms and the sodium salt of meta-phosphoricacid.

8. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt of an acid sulphuric ester of an aliphatic alcoholcontaining at least 10 carbon atoms and between about 10 and about 200per cent of said sodium salt, of the sodium salt of meta-phosphoricacid.

9. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt of an acid sulphuric ester of a chlorinated aliphaticalcohol containing at least 10 carbon atoms and between about 10 andabout 200 per cent of said sodium salt, of the sodium salt ofmeta-phosphoric acid.

10. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt of a sulfonated condensation product of an alkylol amine anda fatty acid containing at least 8 carbon atoms, and between about 10and about 200 per cent of said sodium salt, of the sodium salt ofmetaphosphoric acid.

11. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium saltoi a sulfonated ester of an alkylol amine and a fatty acidcontaining at least 8 carbon atoms, and between about 10 and about 200per cent of said sodium salt, of the sodium salt of meta-phosphoricacid.

12. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting oi asodium salt of a sulfonated ester of an alkylol amine and a chlorinatedfatty acid containing at least 8 carbon atoms, and between about 10 andabout 200 per cent of said sodium salt, of the sodium salt ofmeta-phosphoric acid.

' 13. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt oi a condensation product of oleic acid and analkyl-sulfonic acid, and between about 10 and about 200 per cent of saidsodium salt, of the sodium salt of meta-phosphoric acid.

14. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of thesodium salt of N-oleic-N- methyl tauride and between about 10 and about200 per cent of K said sodium salt, of the sodium salt ofmeta-phosphoric acid.

15. Theprocess which comprises treating soiled materials with an aqueousbath of a washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of awater soluble sulphuric derivative of an aliphatic compound containingat least 8 carbon atoms and having detergent and wetting properties anda water soluble salt of meta-phosphoric acid.

16. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of asodium salt of a sulphonated ester of an alkylol amine and a fatty acidcontaining at least 8 carbon atoms and sodium metaphosphate.

1'7. A washing and cleansing preparation essentially consisting of thesodium salt of N-oleic-N- methyl tauride and sodium meta-phosphate.

FRI'I'Z SIEFERT.

